Ukuqinisa Ikusasa: Ukuhlola Izithasiselo Ezintsha Ekwakhiweni Kakhonkolo

Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zikakhonkolo ezihlala isikhathi eside nezisebenza kakhulu kuncike kakhulu ekukhetheni izithasiselo, ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zikakhonkolo. Lezi zengezo, ezinjengomlotha wezimpukane, ama-cenospheres, i-perlite enwetshiwe, ama-microsphere engilazi angenalutho, imicu kakhonkolo, nama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi, aguqula imboni yezokwakha ngokwenza ngcono izingxube zikakhonkolo nezixube. Lesi sihloko sihlose ukuhlola izici nemisebenzi yalezi zengezo ezintsha, igqamisa umthelela wazo obalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphathekayo.

Fly umlotha , i-byproduct yokushiswa kwamalahle, isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ukhonkolo ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ze-pozzolanic. Ithuthukisa amandla kakhonkolo, ukuqina, nokusebenza ngenkathi yehlisa ukushisa kwe-hydration. Ngokufaka ingxenye ethile kasimende,fly umlotha ikhuthaza izinqubo zokwakha ezisimeme ngokunciphisa i-carbon footprint. Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana zayo ezinhle kanye nesimo esiyindilinga kuthuthukisa ukuminyana kokupakisha kukakhonkolo, okuholela ekwehleni kokungena kwamanzi nokumelana okuthuthukisiwe kwezimo zemvelo kanye nabahlaseli bamakhemikhali.

Ama-Cenospheres , ama-microspheres e-ceramic angenalutho angasindi atholakala kumlotha wezimpukane, aya ngokuya aqashelwa njengezithasiselo eziguquguqukayo ekukhiqizeni ukhonkolo. Ukuminyana kwazo okuphansi kanye nokuma okuyindilinga kunomthelela ekwehliseni ukuminyana kukakhonkolo, okuyenza ifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izakhiwo ezingasindi. Ngaphezu kwalokho,ama-cenospheres thuthukisa izakhiwo zikakhonkolo zokufaka ukushisa okushisayo, zikwenze kube kuhle kumaphrojekthi wokwakha awonga amandla.

I-perlite enwetshiwe , ingilazi yentaba-mlilo eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, ithonya ngokuphawulekayo izici ezikhonkolo. Izici zayo ezingasindi kanye nezivikelayo zinciphisa ukuminyana kokhonkolo ngenkathi kuthuthukisa ukumelana nomlilo nokusebenza kokushisa. Iyahlanganisai-perlite enwetshiwe ekuxubeni kukakhonkolo kubangela izakhiwo ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi ezonga amandla, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo kwemizamo yokwakha esimeme.

Ingilazi encane microspheres , izinhlayiya ezingasindi ezenziwe ngobunjiniyela ezinamandla acindezelayo aphezulu, zilungisa kabusha ubuchwepheshe obuphathekayo. Lawa ma-microspheres athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwengxube kakhonkolo, anciphise ukuminyana, futhi athuthukise ukufakwa kwe-thermal. Umumo wazo oyindilinga kanye nokusebenza okuphansi kwe-thermal kuwenza alungele ukukhiqiza ukhonkolo ongasindi osebenza kahle ngokuhlala okuthuthukile nokusebenza kahle kwamandla.

Imicu kakhonkolo , okuhlanganisa insimbi, okokwenziwa, nokwahluka kwemvelo, kusebenza njengezithasiselo eziqinisa amandla okuqina nokuqina. Amafayibha ensimbi athuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka kukakhonkolo kanye ne-ductility, ayenze ifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni nengqalasizinda.Imicu yokwenziwa , njenge-polypropylene nenayiloni, ithuthukisa ukumelana nomthelela kakhonkolo nokuqina, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinethrafikhi ephezulu. Imicu yemvelo efana nejute kanye nekakhukhunathi inikeza izinketho ezisimeme zokuqinisa kuyilapho inciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni ekukhiqizweni kukakhonkolo.

Ama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi , ezaziwa nangokuthi ama-superplasticizers, ziyizithasiselo ezibalulekile ezithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwengxube kakhonkolo nokugeleza ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni amandla. Ngokuhlakaza izinhlayiya zikasimende ngokuphumelelayo, ama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi anika amandla ukukhiqizwa kokhonkolo olunamandla amakhulu nokuqukethwe kwamanzi okuncishisiwe. Lokhu kuholela ekuqineni okuthuthukisiwe, ukungeneka okuncishisiwe, kanye nokuqedwa okuthuthukisiwe kwendawo, okuyenza ibe yingxenye ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe besimanje obuphathekayo.

Kafushane, ukusetshenziswa okusha kwezithasiselo zikakhonkolo, okuhlanganisa umlotha wempukane, ama-cenospheres, i-perlite enwetshiwe, ama-microsphere engilazi angenalutho, imicu kakhonkolo, nama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi, kuguqula izinqubo zokwakha ukhonkolo. Lezi zithasiselo azigcini nje ngokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezixubene nokhonkolo kodwa futhi zifaka isandla emisebenzini yokwakha eqhubekayo neyonga amandla. Njengoba imboni yezokwakha ithuthuka, ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zithako ezintsha kuzoqhubeka nokubamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekulolongeni ikusasa lobuchwepheshe obuphathekayo, kube lula ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo ezihlala isikhathi eside, eziqinile, nezinobungani nemvelo.