Ngakhale simukudziwa, dziko lamakono lili ndi zifukwa zambiri zoyamikirira cenospheres.
Ndi anthu ochepa amene amadziwa za kukhalapo kwawo, ngakhale anthu ochepa amadziwa kumene akuchokera. Ngakhale kuyang'ana mwachangu pa Wikipedia, gwero la magwero onse, kudziwitsa osadziwa kuti, "A cenosphere ndi gawo lopepuka, lopanda kanthu, lopanda kanthu lomwe limapangidwa makamaka ndi silika ndi aluminiyamu ndipo lodzaza ndi mpweya kapena mpweya wa inert, womwe umapangidwa ngati chinthu chopangidwa kuchokera ku kuyaka kwa malasha pamalo opangira magetsi. Mtundu wa cenospheres umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku imvi mpaka pafupifupi kuyera ndipo kachulukidwe kake ndi pafupifupi 0.4–0.8 g/cm3 (0.014–0.029 lb/cu in), zomwe zimawathandiza kuti azisangalala kwambiri.”
Komabe, zimenezo sizimalongosola kwenikweni kukongola kwenikweni kwa timipirapa ting’onoting’ono, koma tamphamvu, ta phulusa la ntchentche. Pakuti mphamvu zawo zenizeni zagona mu kusiyanasiyana kwa ntchito zawo. Monga momwe magazini yamakampani a ku France, Industrie & Technologies, imanenera, "Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake, kukula kwake kochepa, mawonekedwe ozungulira, mphamvu zamakina, kutentha kwambiri, kuzizira kwamankhwala, zoteteza komanso kutsika pang'ono, ma microspheres [omwe amadziwikanso kuti cenospheres] amapeza ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'makampani. Makamaka, [ndizoyenera] zopangira zida zolimbikitsira kapena kupereka zinthu zolimbana ndi dzimbiri, kapena kutchinjiriza kwamafuta ndi mawu ku zokutira kapena utoto. Atha kufotokozedwa ngati zodzaza ntchito zambiri ndikuphatikiza bwino mu resin ndi zomangira monga thermoplastics ndi thermosetting.
Cenospheres mu Paints ndi Coatings
Pali ntchito zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito ma cenospheres mumakampani opanga utoto ndi zokutira zamafakitale, chifukwa chazowonjezera zomwe amapereka. Mwachitsanzo, ma cenospheres amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka kuti azitha kuwongolera ma radiation ya infrared, kupatsa zokutirazo mwayi kuposa zomwe zimangoyesa kuchepetsa kutentha kwamafuta.
Pakadali pano, akatswiri opaka utoto ku Petra Buildcare Products, akufotokoza momwe ma cenospheres, "... amawongolera mtundu wa utoto pokweza kuchuluka kwake komanso kuchuluka kwake. Pambuyo pakuyika pakhoma, mikanda ya ceramic imakonda kufota motero imapanga filimu yodzaza kwambiri pakhoma.
Cenospheres mu Syntactic Foams
Cenospheres nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga 'syntactic foams'. Izi ndi zolimba zapadera zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma cenospheres ngati zodzaza kuti zipereke ubwino uliwonse, kuchokera pamtengo wotsika, mpaka ku mphamvu zowonjezera, kutsimikizira mawu, kusungunuka ndi kuteteza kutentha.
Akatswiri a Engineered Syntactic Systems amalongosola thovu la syntactic motere;
"Gawo la 'syntactic' limatanthawuza kapangidwe kamene kamapangidwa ndi mazebowo. Mawu oti 'chithovu' amakhudzana ndi momwe zinthu zimayendera. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera amphamvu kwambiri pakuchulukira kochepa, thovu la syntactic lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagwiritsidwe ntchito a subsea buoyancy. Zipangizo za syntactic zimagonjetsedwa ndi mphamvu ya hydrostatic komanso kuwonetseredwa kwa nthawi yaitali zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ntchito zapanyanja monga zoyandama za chingwe ndi hardball ndi zida zothandizira. Amaperekanso mphamvu ndi kukhulupirika kwadongosolo pamlingo wochepa kwambiri pa voliyumu iliyonse kuposa zida zambiri zachikhalidwe zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala chisankho chokongola muzochita zambiri zachitetezo ndi zomangamanga. ”
Cenospheres mu Petroleum Drilling
Kuti muwone kufunikira kosadziwika kwa ma cenospheres, simuyenera kuyang'ananso kuti gawo lofunikira lomwe limagwira pamakampani amafuta. Ngakhale kuti aliyense amadziwa kufunika kwa mafuta masiku ano, n’zodziwikiratu kuti cenospheres, monga momwe magazini yamakampani aku France, Industrie & Technologies, imanenera, “… akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zingapo pobowola mafuta mpaka kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa phala la simenti ya petroleum popanda kuwonjezera madzi. ”
Cenospheres mu Pulasitiki ndi Ma polima
Ma Cenospheres amakhalanso ndi ntchito popanga mapulasitiki ndi ma polima, chifukwa mawonekedwe awo opangidwanso kapena mphamvu zake zimathandiza kupewa kuchepa kwa mapulasitiki a thermoplastic ndi thermosetting.
Akugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'magulu amakono amakampani opanga magalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, Chevrolet Corvette ya 2016 ili ndi "mapepala opangira mapepala momwe magalasi ozungulira amalowa m'malo mwa calcium carbonate filler ndi kumeta mapaundi 20 [9kg] kuchoka pa kulemera kwa galimoto yamasewera ya Stingray Coupe." Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa opanga, Continental Structural Plastics Inc., a Probir Guha, akufotokoza chifukwa chomwe ma cenospheres amaphatikizidwira m'gululi, ponena kuti, "mawonekedwe a SMC amtundu wotere wagalimoto amakhala ndi 20% ndi voliyumu ya galasi. fiber reinforcement, 35% resin ndi 45% filler, nthawi zambiri calcium carbonate, "kuwonjezera kuti, "SMC yatsopano [yopanga mapepala] ndiyopikisana ndi aluminiyumu."
Cenospheres mu Konkire
Kwa zaka zambiri, ma cenospheres akhala akuthandizira konkriti, kupereka mphamvu zowonjezera, kapena kutsekemera kwa mawu, komanso kuchepetsa kachulukidwe. Jeff Girard, Purezidenti wa The Concrete Countertop Institute, akufotokoza zabwino izi, nati, "Mwachidziwitso, ma cenospheres amatha kulowa m'malo mwa mchenga wolemera wamba womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu konkriti. Ma Cenospheres ali ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kuposa madzi (pafupifupi 0.7 vs. Madzi a 1.0); mchenga wa quartz nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi kachulukidwe pafupifupi 2.65. Izi zikutanthauza kuti 1 mapaundi a cenospheres amatenga voliyumu yofanana ndi pafupifupi 3.8 lbs. wa mchenga.”
Industrie & Technologies, ikufotokozanso kugwiritsa ntchito ma cenospheres ngati njira yochepetsera kuipitsidwa kwa phokoso, ponena kuti, "[Cenospheres amagwiritsidwa ntchito] muzomangamanga kuti athetse konkire, pokhalabe ndi mphamvu yopondereza ya 30 MPa pa mphamvu ya 1.6 T / m3 , kuwongolera kulimba kwawo ndikuchepetsa kufalikira kwawo kwamawu. Mwachitsanzo, St. Petersburg Scientific and Technical Center of Applied Nanotechnologies (STCAN) ikugwira nawo ntchito yomanga milatho yokhala ndi konkriti wotere ku Russia, [kwa msewu wodekha]. Ma Cenospheres amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kutenthetsa komanso kutulutsa mawu kwa pulasitala, matope ndi ma pulasitala, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma, pansi ndi kudenga. Kuwonjezera 40% voliyumu cenospheres ndi theka la coefficient kufalitsa phokoso. "
Cenospheres mu Pharmaceuticals
Ma Cenospheres akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala kwa zaka zambiri, chifukwa mipira yaying'ono imatha kukhala ngati chipangizo choyendetsa bwino kwambiri povala ndi mankhwala. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, monga momwe magazini ya ku France yotchedwa, Industrie & Technologies inanenera, “Mwachitsanzo, macenosphere okhala ndi silver oxide angaphatikizidwe m’mavalidwe kuti mabala achire msanga.”
Cenospheres in Advanced Industries
Kafukufuku wambiri akuchitika kuti apeze njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa. Mwachitsanzo, zopangira zatsopano za methane oxidation zikupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maginito cenospheres.
Ma Cenospheres akugwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga zitsulo zamatrix composites (MMC), zida zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayesa kuphatikiza kuyamwa kwamphamvu kwamphamvu, kukana mphamvu, komanso kutsika kocheperako kwa magawo ndi mikhalidwe ya zinthu zina. Ena, monga a Paul Biju-Duval wa ku Georgia Institute of Technology ku Atlanta, agwira ntchito mwakhama popanga zipangizo zomangira zopanda simenti. Ntchito yake ikupitiriza, kuwonjezera kusakaniza kwa cenosphere, zinthu monga nsungwi ndi machubu achitsulo monga njira yopezera njira zomangira zina, zotsika mtengo, zamphamvu, komanso zowononga chilengedwe.
Pakadali pano, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology ya Russian Academy of Sciences ku Krasnoyarsk, ikuphunzira njira zomwe ma cenospheres angagwiritsire ntchito posintha zinthu. Ngakhale machitidwe a BAE akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito ma cenospheres mu utoto monga njira yothandizira kusawoneka mu mawonekedwe a infrared, motero zimathandiza kuti asilikali ankhondo akhale ndi 'zovala zosaoneka'.
Ndi kusiyanasiyana kotereku, komanso kuchulukira komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, sizodabwitsa chifukwa chake chidwi cha cenospheres chikukula. Malingana ngati opanga zinthu akuyang'ana zodzaza zolemera zopepuka, njira zoperekera mankhwala bwino, zokutira bwino, zolowa m'malo mwa simenti, ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera, padzakhala kufunikira kwa ma cenospheres. Kuphatikizanso ndi kafukufuku wochulukira muzogwiritsidwa ntchito kwatsopano pazigawo zosunthikazi, ndiye kuti nthawi yokha ndiyomwe ingadziwe komwe tsogolo la cenospheres lili.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-28-2021