Uburyo bwo kumenya ivu

Isazi yisazi yiki gihe irimo sulfide cyangwa sulfate nyinshi (nka gypsumu, nibindi), itandukanye nivu gakondo. Niba ikoreshwa muri beto itabanje kwipimisha, bizatera gukomera gukomeye no gusenyuka. Nubwo ibipimo by'isazi bigezweho bifite SO 3 kubuza ibirimo, kugenzura no kugena "ivu ryuzuye" ntibifite akamaro.

(2) "Ivu rya denitration"
Kugirango ugabanye imyuka ya NO x mugikorwa cyo gutwika amakara, ni ngombwa gukora "denitration" mugihe cyo gutwika amakara. Inzira idakwiye irashobora kuvamo NH4 isigaye mu ivu. Iyo ivu ryisazi rivanze na sima, bizahura na alkali Ibidukikije bisanzwe bizarekura NH 3 (gaze ya amoniya), itanga gaze nyinshi murwego rwa plastiki ya beto.

(3) "Kureremba ivu ryirabura"
Mu buhanga bugezweho bwo gutwika amakara, mu rwego rwo kunoza imikorere yo gutwika amakara cyangwa bimwe mu bisabwa bidasanzwe bikenerwa n’amashanyarazi, mazutu cyangwa ibindi bintu byamavuta byongeweho nkibikoresho byo gutwika mugikorwa cyo gutwika amakara. Ibi bikoresho byo gutwika ntibishobora gutwikwa rwose kandi bizaguma mu ivu ryisazi. Amavuta. Cyane cyane nyuma yo gutondagura ivu ryisazi, ivu ryakusanyirijwe hamwe rizaba rifite amavuta menshi adatwikwa, akoreshwa mukuvanga beto. Aya mavuta areremba kandi agaragara nkamavuta yumukara areremba muri beto. Ubu bwoko bw'isazi yitwa "ivu ryirabura rireremba".

Nigute dushobora kumenya?
(1) Uburyo bwo kubona
Abagenzuzi b'inararibonye barashobora kumenya neza no gutakaza ivu ry'isazi gusa bareba ibara ry'ivu.
Kugaragara kw'ivu isazi isa na sima, kandi ibara riratandukanye kuva amata yera kugeza kumvi-umukara. Ibara ry'isazi ni ikintu cyingenzi cyerekana ubuziranenge bushobora kwerekana ingano n'itandukaniro ry'ibirimo bya karubone, kandi ku rugero runaka, birashobora kandi kwerekana ivu ry'isazi. Ubwiza. Ibara ryijimye, niko ingano yubunini bw ivu ryisazi hamwe nibirimo karubone.

Isazi yisazi igabanyijemo ivu rya calcium nkeya hamwe n ivu rya calcium nyinshi. Mubisanzwe, ibara rya kalisiyumu-isazi yivu ivu ni umuhondo, naho ibara ry-ivu rya calcium nkeya ni imvi. Isazi yisazi ifite ibimamara byubuki bifite ubuso bunini bwihariye hamwe nibikorwa bya adsorption. Ingano yingirakamaro iri hagati ya 0.5 na 300 mm. Byongeye kandi, urukuta rwamasaro rufite imiterere nini ifite ububobere bugera kuri 50% kugeza 80%, kandi rufite amazi akomeye.

Usibye isura isanzwe, urashobora kandi kongeramo amazi hanyuma ukabyutsa kureba ivu ryisazi. Muri beaker y'amazi, ongeramo urugero rukwiye rw'ivu ry'isazi kugirango ubyuke vuba kugirango urebe niba hari ivu ry'umukara rireremba hejuru y'amazi kugirango urebe urugero rwa karubone mu ivu ry'isazi; niba ibara ryivu ryisazi ryirabura kandi rifite impumuro idasanzwe, ibitonyanga byamavuta, ubu bwoko bw ivu ryisazi bigomba kuba bireremba hejuru kandi bigomba gusubizwa.

Nyuma ya desulfurizasi ivu irimo CaO na SO3 yubusa yubusa hamwe namazi, igisubizo kiba alkaline, hanyuma reagent ya fenolphthalein ikayijugunyamo, igaragara nkumutuku. Kugirango wirinde beto guturika kubera kwaguka kwinshi kwa Ca (OH) 2 hamwe na calcium sulfoaluminate hydrated calcium, ibicuruzwa bigomba gusubizwa.

Icya kabiri, urashobora kunuka umunuko. Fata urugero rukwiye rw'ivu rya sima na sima muri beaker hanyuma ushyiremo amazi hanyuma ukangure kugirango ube umwanda. Niba ushobora kunuka impumuro nziza ya ammonia, ivu ryisazi rishobora gufatwa nkivu ryemewe.

Reba na microscope! Kugirango umenye ivu ryimpimbano, banza ushungure. Muri rusange, isazi ya ivu ifite ubunini buto iroroshye kandi ikirahure cyikirahure munsi ya microscope (ukoresheje microscope hejuru yinshuro 100), kandi ubuso bwibice bifite ubunini bunini ntibisanzwe ariko nanone bikabije. Niba ifu yumusenyi mwinshi cyane, ifu yamabuye, ifu ya slageri ivanze ivanze, hazaba hari uduce twinshi muri buri rwego rwubunini, cyane cyane murwego ruto ruto, ruzagaragara kandi rudasanzwe.

Ningomba gutwara microscope kugirango mbitandukanye? Uburyo bworoshye ni: fata gato nka 1kg yivu yisazi hanyuma ubishyire mubibase, hanyuma ushyiremo amazi, hanyuma ubyereke mugihe wongeyeho amazi kugeza byuzuye, hanyuma urebe niba hari urwego rwamasaro yera areremba kuri hejuru y'amazi, niba hariho Mubyukuri, niba ataribyo, ni impimbano.

Kuguruka ivu, kubanza gushungura. Muri rusange, kuguruka ivu ryibice bito byingero zingana bifite imipira yikirahure yoroshye munsi ya microscope, kandi ubuso bwibice byingero nini nini nini ntisanzwe ariko hafi. Niba ifu yumusenyi mwinshi cyane, ifu yamabuye, ifu ya slageri ivanze, hazaba ibice byinshi bidasanzwe muri buri cyiciro cyubunini, cyane cyane murwego ruto ruto.

Isazi nyayo yukuri ifite amahame akomeye yigihugu hamwe nibisobanuro byayo, hamwe nubumara bukomeye hamwe nuburinganire bwa radio. Ibipimo byo gupakira, ibipimo bisobanutse neza. Ibara ni umukara n'umuhondo, ifu, ibice ni byiza cyane, ikiganza cyumva neza kandi cyumye, kandi nubushuhe buri hasi cyane. Ivu ry'isazi y'impimbano rikozwe cyane cyane mu ifu y'amabuye, ifu y'amatafari ivanze n'ivu rito cyangwa ivu, kandi bimwe cyangwa byose bipakirwa mu buryo butaziguye n'ifu y'amabuye. Isazi yibinyoma ubwayo ntabwo igaragara kandi ntigikorwa. Ibara ryera, kandi amabara amwe arahumanye cyane. Ukuboko kwumva gukomeye, gutose, kandi igikapu cyo gupakira ntigisanzwe. Witondere ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru mugihe ugura ivu ryisazi kugirango urebe ko ushobora kugura ivu ryiza cyane.

(2) Nigute dushobora gukora icyitegererezo cyo kwemerwa?
Hindura uburyo bwa gakondo bwo gutoranya hamwe nu mwanya, ni ukuvuga, gusudira kanda idasanzwe yo kuguruka ku isazi ivu igaburira umuyoboro wibyuma hamwe na diameter ya 100mm ku burebure buhagaritse bwa metero 1.5 uvuye ku butaka, bushobora gutoranywa ku buryo butemewe igihe icyo ari cyo cyose mu gihe cya kuguruka ivu. Fata ibyitegererezo hanyuma umenyeshe kumugaragaro utanga isazi ko niba ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bubiri bigaragaye ko bitandukanye mumodoka imwe, bazahanishwa bikomeye.