Dai taizotaura kuti kongiri ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa uye yakajairika zvinhu zvekuvaka munyika, pangadai pasina kupokana. Concrete ndiyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose, yechipiri kumvura.
Fiber Reinforced Concrete iri pakati pezvakawanda zvitsva zvakagadziridzwa kuvandudza masimba masimba uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvekongiri.
Muchinyorwa chino, isu tichaongorora fiber-yakasimbiswa kongiri, kuti kongiri iyi chii, marudzi ayo akasiyana, uye mabhenefiti, uye toona kana iyi kongiri musanganiswa wakakukodzera.
ChiiFiberReinforced Concrete?
Fiber-reinforced kongiri (FRC) kongiri nyowani yakasimbiswa nezvinhu zvefibrous. Somuenzaniso, refu simbi fibers. Iyi nzira yekusimbisa inovandudza zvinhu zvekongiri yakajairika.
Zvizhinji zvakasiyana-siyana zvefibrous zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kugadzira fiber-reinforced kongiri. Rudzi urwu rwekongiri yakasimbiswa yave yakakurumbira zvekuti mhando dzakasiyana dzefiber reinforced kongiri dzinogadzirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
Chii chinonzi Fiber Reinforced Concrete Yakagadzirwa?
Izvo zvakakosha zvefiber-reinforced concrete ndezvi:
Hydraulic Cement
Chinhu chikuru chefiber-reinforced concrete is hydraulic simenti, inova yakanamatira mushure mekuita nemvura. Kazhinji, simende yePortland inoshandiswa se hydraulic simende mune fiber-inosimbisa kongiri.
Fibers
Kuwedzera mafibhi akareba anoshandura zvimiro zvekongiri nyowani zvichibva parudzi rwefibrous material inoshandiswa. Kune zvikamu zvina zvefibers anowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira fiber-reinforced concrete. Aya maconcrete fibers ndeaya:
Simbi fibers
Girazi fibers
Synthetic fibers
Natural fibers
Aggregates
Aggregate inopa simba rekusunga mukongiri uku ichidzikisa huwandu hwesimende inodiwa. Zvimwe zvakajairika ijecha, matombo akapwanyika, uye matombo.
Nhoroondo Pfupi yeFRC
FRC yanga iripo kwenguva yakareba, asi makongiri fiber akagadziridzwa. Kare, paivakwa zvivako pachishandiswa matombo, dhaka raishanda sechinhu chaibatanidza kuti zvibatanidzwe pamwe chete. Iyo dhaka yakasimbiswa uchishandisa mvere dzemabhiza.
Saizvozvo, pakuvakwa kwezvidhinha zvedhaka, mashanga ndiwo ainyanya kusimbisa. Apo kongiri yakava chimwe chezvinhu zvakajairika zvekuvaka, fiber yeasbestos yakashandiswa sekusimbisa.
Zvisinei, sezvo makumi emakore akafambira mberi, vanhu vakawedzera kuziva nezvehutano hwehutano hweasbestos uye kuti inokonzera sei kenza. Mukati memakore ekuma1960, panzvimbo yeasbestos, mamwe mafiber akaita sesimbi negirazi akawana mukurumbira.
Chii Chinoita Mhedzisiro YeFiber paKongiri?
Kuwedzera fiber kune kongiri kunoguma mune akati wandei mhedzisiro. Ukuru hweizvi hunosiyana zvichienderana neshinda chaiyo inoshandiswa. Kuvandudzwa kwemutoro wekutakura mutoro kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, sehuwandu hwekusimbisa fiber maererano nehuwandu hwehuwandu, hunodaidzwa kuti chikamu chevhoriyamu, uye chikamu chechikamu, chinowanikwa nekuparadzanisa urefu hwefiber nehupamhi hwefiber iri mubvunzo.
MaFibers anowanzo shanda chinangwa chekutanga chekudzikisa kutsemuka mukongiri nekuvandudza simba rayo rekushanduka. Kutsemuka mukongiri kunoitika nekuda kwekongiri shrinkage. Concrete shrinkage inogona kuitika nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda, sekuomesa shrinkage uye shrinkage yepurasitiki.
Zvakare, mafiibha anodzikisa kupinza kwekongiri, achibvisa mukana wekuti mvura ibude kuburikidza nekongiri zvimiro.
Ndedzipi Mhando Dzakasiyana dzeFiber Reinforced Concrete?
Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana efiber-reinforced kongiri macomposites mumashandisirwo anozivikanwa. Zvimwe zvacho zvinosanganisira:
Simbi Fiber Yakasimbiswa Concrete
Simbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri ndeimwe yemhando dzakapararira dzeFRC. Kuwedzera kusimba kwesimbi fibers kune kongiri, kunyange mudiki, kunotungamirira kukuvandudzwa kwakakosha muzvinhu zvekrete.
Simbi fiber yakasimbiswa kongiri inoshandiswa mumashandisirwo ane inorema-basa kongiri zvinodiwa senge mabhiriji, pasi, tunnel, migodhi, precasts, nezvimwe.
Kune mhando dzakawanda dzakasiyana dzesimbi dzesimbi dzinoshandiswa kusimbisa kongiri, dzakaita sewaya inodhonzwa nechando (Type 1), cut sheet steel fibers (Type 2), yakanyungudutswa (Type 3), mill cut (Type 4), uye yakagadziridzwa chando. waya yakadhonzwa (Type 5).
Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete (PFRC)
PFRC inoshandisa michina yekugadzira inonzi Polypropylene fibers, rudzi rwe thermoplastic. Kune akawanda akasiyana mabhenefiti ekuwedzera polypropylene kune kongiri, yatichakurukura muchikamu chinotevera.
Polypropylene inogovera hunhu hwakawanda ne polythene, ine yakagadziridzwa yakaomeswa zvivakwa, kusimba kwesimba, uye yakakwirira kupisa kupisa.
Pamusoro pezvo, iyi fiber ine kupikisa kwakanyanya kurwisa makemikari seasidhi uye organic zvinonyungudutsa, uye inopa zvakafanana zvimiro kune kongiri.
Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC)
Girazi fiber-yakasimbiswa kongiri musanganiswa unosanganisira akawanda madiki magirazi particles. Izvi zvinoita sei kuti kongiri isimbe?
Nepo girazi hombe girazi rakapfava, girazi faibha ine simba repamusoro rechimiro. Pamusoro pesimba iri, mafiibhi anowedzera-mutengo wakaderera, zvichiita kuti musanganiswa wekongiri wekupedzisira udhure pane dzimwe nzira dzakaita sesimbi fiber reinforced concrete.
Iwo mafiber akafanana akawedzerwa kumapurasitiki anoguma mune fiberglass inoumbwa zvinhu zvine yakanakisa tensile simba zvivakwa.
Polyester Fiber Yakasimbiswa Concrete
Polyester fibers yefiber-reinforced concrete inowanikwa semicrofibers uye macro fibers. Polyester fibers inobatsira pakuvandudza kuputika kwerudzi urwu rwefiber-reinforced concrete.
Polyester fiber-yakasimbiswa kongiri ine kuoma kukuru uye yakakwirira chimiro kutendeseka. Kusimba kwayo kwakakwidziridzwa kunoita kuti rudzi urwu rwekongiri ruve rwakanaka kune indasitiri pasi, warehouse flooring, precast zvimiro, overlays, uye zvakafanana zvekutengesa zvikumbiro.
Carbon Fiber Yakasimbiswa Concrete
Wakambonzwa nezve carbon fiber simbi? Pfungwa iyi yakafanana nekabhoni fiber reinforced concrete.
Nepo kuwedzera kabhoni faibha kune kongiri inzira yakaoma kupfuura kuwedzera simende kana girazi, kongiri inoguma ine kuomarara uye simba. Zvisinei, nekuoma kwakakwirira, kongiri inova yakanyanya brittle (se carbon steel).
Macro Synthetic FiberReinforced Concrete
Kushandisa macro synthetic fibers mukongiri kwakauya seimwe nzira yekusimbisa simbi. Mushure mezvose, kusimbiswa kwesimbi kunogona kuva kuwedzera kunodhura kune konkrete.
Nekukura kwekushandiswa, macro synthetic fibers yakava yakawanda kupfuura imwe nzira. Aya mafiber ane akawanda maapplication awo ega, kunyanya muzvimiro zvinotsigirwa nepasi.
Simbi yekusimbisa inogona kukanganisa munzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwakanyanya, senge nharaunda dzemugungwa, uye magirazi fiber anotambura nenjodzi yekuparara. Macro synthetic fibers inopa kupikisa kwakanyanya kune izvi zvinhu, saka iwo akakosha ekuwedzera kune kongiri munzvimbo idzi.
Natural Fiber Yakasimbiswa Concrete
Faibha dzemusikirwo dzinobva muzvirimwa, mhuka, uye mamineral chaiwo. Sezvatakataura muchikamu nezve nhoroondo yeFRC, mafivha echisikigo akashandiswa mukuvaka kubva kare.
Hazvina mhosva kuti kongiri inoshandiswa kupi, pachava nehuwandu hwemafibhi echisikigo aripo. Aya mafiber zvakare anobatsira mukudzikisa mutengo wekugadzira FRC.
Dzimwe shinda dzechisikigo dzinosanganisira donje, mashanga, huni, uye zviyo.
Ndeapi Mabhenefiti Ekushandisa Fiber Yakasimbiswa Kongiri
Kuwedzera mafiber akasiyana kune kongiri kunoguma mune akasiyana mabhenefiti. Fiber-reinforced concrete inorongwa zvichienderana nefiber yakawedzerwa. Iwo chaiwo mabhenefiti eFRC anoenderana nerudzi rweFRC inoshandiswa.
Kazhinji, heano mabhenefiti ane hukama nemamwe marudzi akajairika efiber-reinforced kongiri:
Girazi Fiber Reinforcement
Girazi fiber reinforcement inowedzera simba rekuumbwa kwekongiri pasina kuwedzera mari zvakanyanya. Girazi ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakachipa zvefiber.
Rudzi urwu rwekusimbisa runoshandiswa kusimudzira kukwezva kweiyo kongiri chimiro. Iwo mapfupi discrete fibers anogona kuoneka mune kongiri chimiro mushure mekuoma.
Iyi nzira yekusimbisa inowedzera simba rekusimba kunzvimbo dzese, kusiyana nekusimbisa kwechinyakare uchishandisa simbi mbariro, uko kusimba kwesimba kunogumira kune kutungamira kwembariro.
Steel Fiber Reinforcement
Simbi inopa yakanyanya kusimba simba mufiber yakasimbiswa kongiri.
Nekuwedzerwa kwesimbi fibers, kongiri inoda mashoma simbi bar reinforcements.
Fibers inogadzira hukuru hwekupikisa kurwisa zvinokanganisa uye mabrasions.
Yakavandudzwa thaw kuramba uye mamwe tembiricha maitiro echivako.
Inoderedza njodzi yekutsemuka nekudzikisa hupamhi hwekutsemuka.
Polypropylene Fibers uye Nylon Concrete Reinforcement
Inopa kugona kupomba kongiri pamusoro pechinhambwe chakareba nekuwedzera kubatanidzwa zvivakwa.
Inovandudza tembiricha maitiro (semuenzaniso, thaw resistance).
Inosimudzira ductility yekongiri uye inoderedza brittle hunhu hwayo.
Muchiitiko chemoto, zvivakwa zvekongiri zvine polypropylene fiber uye nylon fibers zvinoshingirira kuputika kwekuputika.
Mhedzisiro mukupikisa kwakanyanya uye kusagadzikana kweabrasion.
Ndezvipi Zvishandiso zveFiber Reinforced Concrete?
Mhando yeFRC inoshandiswa inogona kusiyana zvichibva pane imwe purojekiti yekuvaka. Kazhinji, mapurojekiti mazhinji einjiniya anoshandisa FRC. Semuyenzaniso::
Masvingo
Flooring
Madhamu
Runways
Migwagwa
Kongiri pombi
Bridges
Warehouse floors
Manholes
Tunnels
Pavements
Nzira Yokuwana Sei Fiber Yakasimbiswa Concrete?
Sezvaunoziva pari zvino, fiber-yakasimbiswa kongiri haisi chigadzirwa chimwe chete. Kune akasiyana makongiri ane akasiyana ekusimbisa matekiniki anokonzeresa kune chaiwo akawedzera zvivakwa.
Iko kune yakakwirira-yakasimba simbi fibers inosimudzira kuvimbika kwechimiro chekongiri yakawanda. Zvakare, girazi uye zvekugadzira fibrous zvinhu zvinopa simba rine mwero asi nemutengo wakachipa.
NADaniel Arkin
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-07-2023