Izinto eziphikisayo ezingakheki kahle ezingafuthwa ebusweni obusebenzayo ngokugeleza komoya okunesivinini esikhulu futhi zifakwe i-adsorbed ebusweni obusebenzayo zibizwa nge-refractory injection materials. Empeleni, noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-castable noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinto ezizigelezayo kanye nezinto zokupompa zingasetshenziswa njengezinto ezomile zokufafaza noma izinto zokufafaza ezimanzi, zidinga kuphela ukulungisa ukwakheka kosayizi wezinhlayiyana kanye nohlobo nenani lezithasiselo. Impahla eqhumayo ephikisayo iwuhlobo lwempahla ephikisayo engakhiwe, okuwuhlobo olusha lwempahla ephikisayo enoketshezi oluhle ngemva kokwengeza amanzi nokunyakazisa ngaphandle kokudubula kanye nokwenza ingcindezi. Isakhiwo sayo sobukhazikhazi sinamalungu ambalwa, ubuqotho obuqinile, umoya omuhle, futhi singagwema ukungena kwempushana. Ngasikhathi sinye, uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yendabuko ye-refractory, impahla ye-jet refractory inezici ezilandelayo:
(1) Kulula ukugxilisa ihange futhi kungavimbela ngokuphumelelayo udonga ukuba lungaphumeleli.
(2) Ukwakhiwa kulula, amandla okusebenza aphansi, ukusebenza kahle kwamatshe kuphezulu, kanye nemishini yokwakha isithando somlilo ingenzeka.
(3) Isikhathi sokulethwa sifushane, futhi i-inventory nezindleko zingancishiswa ngokufanele.
Izinto eziqhumayo ezingaphendukiyo zisetshenziswa kakhulu, okulula ukusetshenziswa okuphelele kwezinsiza. Ngokuvamile, i-granular material eyakha le nto ibizwa ngokuthi i-refractory aggregate, kanti i-powdery material ibizwa ngokuthi i-admixture (impushana ephikisayo noma impushana enhle), kanye nezibophezelo nezithasiselo.
1. Indlela yokwakha yezinto ezifuthwayo eziphikisayo
Ngokwesimo sento efafazwe emzimbeni wolwelwesi (ubuso obusebenzayo), ingahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: indlela yomjovo wempahla ebandayo kanye nendlela yomjovo wempahla encibilikisiwe noma encibilikisiwe. Lesi sakamuva sihlanganisa izindlela ezilandelayo.
Indlela yokufutha ngelangabi: Impahla ifafazwa olayini bokusebenza ngelangabi legesi ye-propane. Phakathi nenqubo yokufafaza, ngaphansi kwesenzo sokushisa okuphezulu, impahla isesimweni esincibilikisiwe noma esincibilikisiwe, ifafazwe ngokuqondile phezu kolwelwesi olunokushisa okuphezulu, futhi i-adsorbed ebusweni bomugqa. Esikhathini esidlule, yayisetshenziselwa ukulungisa amalayini esithandweni, kodwa ayisasetshenziswa kakhulu.
Indlela yokufutha ye-Plasma: Impahla ifuthwa esimweni se-ionic, esingavamile ukusetshenziswa ezintweni eziphikisayo.
Indlela ye-slag splashing: njengokuchaphazwa kwe-slag kwesiguquli ukuze kuvikelwe isithando somlilo, ingxube yezinto eziphikisayo kanye ne-slag ishaywa futhi isakaze ebusweni besiguquli ngokusebenzisa i-lance yomoya-mpilo ophezulu. Kuwubuchwepheshe obubalulekile bokuthuthukisa impilo ye-converter lining.
Eyokuqala iyindlela evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu yokufafaza, ehlanganisa indlela yokufafaza okomile kanye nendlela yokufafaza emanzi.
Indlela ye-Dry jetting: Inqubo yokusebenza yedivayisi eyomile ye-jetting. Impahla eyomile ingena esigubhu sendwangu esiphendukayo sisuka esiseleni. Isigubhu sendwangu yendwangu sizungeza nge-engeli ethile. Imbobo engenhla kanye nomgudu womoya we-compressor zithuthelwa eduze nobhobho ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namanzi. Ngemva kokuba impahla ixubene namanzi ku-nozzle, ifafazwa kulwelwesi olusebenzayo. eliphezulu. Izinto eziningi ezikhishiwe zikhangisiwe olayini obusebenzayo, futhi ingxenye yakhona iphinde ibuyele phansi futhi iwe phansi. Inani lezinto ezilahlekile ngokuphindisela libaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-refractory ekhishiwe. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokuphinda liphinde lisetshenziswe ukukhombisa ukusebenza kwe-adsorption yezinto ezikhishiwe. Ukwehla kwezinga lokubuyela emuva, kungcono. Kunezici eziningi ezithinta izinga lokubuya kwe-rebound: ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa inani lamanzi, umfutho womoya kanye nomthamo womoya.
Indlela yokufafaza okumanzi yindlela lapho okugaywayo okunoketshezi oluhle kumpontshelwa kubhobho ngokusebenzisa ipayipi, bese kufafazwa phezu kolwelwesi olusebenzayo ngokugeleza komoya onengcindezi ephezulu kubhobho. Inqubo iqukethe izigaba ezine eziyinhloko: ukuxuba, ukupompa, ukufutha kanye nokuqinisa. Inqubo yokuxuba nokupompa ayihlukile kakhulu kuzinto ezivamile zokuphonswa kanye nezinto zokupompa, ezidinga ukuxubana komfaniswano nokusebenza okuhle kokupompa.
Esikhathini esedlule, ukwakhiwa kwesifutho kwakusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukulungisa ama-linings othandweni, kuyilapho ukufafaza okumanzi kungasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ekufakeni ulwelwesi. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ukwenza i-ladle kanye nezindwangu zomlilo zezithando ezihlukahlukene. Izinzuzo zayo ziyinqubo elula, ayikho isifanekiso, izindleko eziphansi kanye nesivinini esikhulu.
2. Izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa ngendlela yesifutho
(1) Lezi zindaba ezilandelayo kufanele zibhekwe lapho kusetshenziswa indlela yesifutho esomile:
Inani lamanzi elengeziwe kufanele lifanele: uma inani lamanzi elengeziwe lincane kakhulu, izinto ngeke zimanziswe kahle, futhi izinto ezomile zizophinde ziboshwe kalula; uma inani lamanzi elingeziwe likhulu kakhulu, ukugqoka okwenziwe ngokufafaza kujwayele ukugeleza, okunciphisa amandla okukhangisa.
Ukucindezela komoya kanye nomthamo womoya we-spray kufanele kube ngokufanele: lapho inhlayiya inkulu kakhulu, umthelela wezinhlayiya endaweni ye-spray mkhulu kakhulu, futhi kulula ukuphindaphinda; uma kuncane kakhulu, impahla ayinakho ukunamathela okwanele ezintweni futhi kulula ukuwa.
Ibanga ne-engeli phakathi komlomo wesibhamu sokufuthwa kanye nendawo efuthwe kufanele ifaneleke: gwema amandla okufafaza into endaweni efuthiweyo inkulu kakhulu noma mancane kakhulu. Isibhamu sokufutha kufanele sihanjiswe phezulu naphansi, kwesokunxele nakwesokudla ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukushuba okufanayo kongqimba olufuthwe.
Ugqinsi lwesifutho ngasinye akumele lube lukhulu kakhulu: ukujiya kakhulu kulula ukuxebuka, ngokuvamile kungabi ngaphezu kwama-50mm.
Lawula ipulasitiki kanye ne-coagulation yezinto ezibonakalayo: impahla ingakhangiswa kahle ku-spray coating, futhi ingaqiniswa ngokushesha ukuze uthole amandla athile.
(2) Kunezici eziningi ezithinta indlela yendiza emanzi. Eziyinhloko yilezi:
Ukwakheka kwezinto zokufutha Okokuqala, kufanele ibe nokwakheka kosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezifanele, isilinganiso se-aggregate ne-matrix kanye nomswakama. Ngokusebenzisana okufanele, ingxenye ye-matrix inganamathela kangcono ebusweni bezinhlayiya. Ungqimba lokunamathela akufanele lube lukhulu kakhulu noma lube mncane kakhulu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinhlayiya zingaba ne-plasticity enhle futhi zinamathele kungqimba lwezinto ezibonakalayo lapho zifafazwa phezu kongqimba lwezinto ezibonakalayo. Ama-flocculants asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-sodium aluminate, i-sodium silicate, i-polysodium chloride, i-calcium chloride, i-aluminium sulfate, i-potassium calcium sulfate, njll.
Uma i-jet pressure kanye ne-jet air velocity incane kakhulu, izinhlayiya ngeke zihambisane kahle nezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi uma zikhulu kakhulu, zizophinde zibuyele kalula.
Ibanga ne-engeli phakathi kwesibhamu sokufuthwa kanye nomzimba ofuthiwe kunomthelela othize kuzinga lokunamathela lesendlalelo sezinto.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-15-2022