Ama-thermal insulation refractories abhekisela kuma-refractories ane-porosity ephezulu, ukuminyana kwenqwaba ephansi, kanye ne-thermal conductivity ephansi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-lightweight refractories. Kubandakanya imikhiqizo ye-refractory evimbela ukushisa, imicu ye-refractory, nemikhiqizo ye-fiber refractory. Ngokusho izinga lokushisa ukusetshenziswa: low-temperature ukwahlukanisa materials refractory, izinga lokushisa ukusetshenziswa lingaphansi 900 ℃, ezifana diatomite insulation izitini, imikhiqizo silica enwetshiwe, silica calcium amabhodi, imikhiqizo perlite enwetshiwe, njll; ama-refractories okushisa aphakathi nendawo, sebenzisa izinga lokushisa elingu-900 ~ 1200℃, njengezitini ze-refractory zobumba ezishisayo, i-aluminium silicate refractory fiber, njll.; izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokushisa okushisayo kwe-refractory, izinga lokushisa lokusetshenziswa likhulu kuno-1200 ℃, njengezitini ze-aluminium ezishisayo zokushisa ukushisa, izitini eziphikisayo ze-alumina ezishisayo, isitini esiphikisayo se-siliceous Insulation, isitini se-alumina esingenalutho, isitini sebhola le-zirconia, i-alumina refractory ephezulu. i-fiber, i-polycrystalline refractory fiber (i-polycrystalline alumina fiber, i-polycrystalline zirconia fiber, i-polycrystalline mullite fiber), njll.
Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-refractory evikela ukushisa ikakhulukazi kusebenzisa izindlela zenqubo ezingakha isakhiwo esinezimbotshana, njengendlela yempahla eluhlaza engasindi, indlela yokushiswa, indlela yegwebu, kanye nendlela yamakhemikhali. Imicu ye-amorphous refractory, efana ne-aluminium silicate refractory fibers, imicu ephezulu ye-alumina refractory, njll., ivame ukukhiqizwa ngokuncibilika. Imicu ye-polycrystalline refractory, njengemicu ye-mullite, imicu ye-alumina, njll., ikhiqizwa ngendlela ye-colloid.
Izici eziyinhloko ze-insulating refractories ziyi-porosity ephezulu, ngokuvamile engaphezu kuka-45%; ukuminyana ngobuningi obuphansi, ngokuvamile abudluli ku-1.5g/cm3; ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal okuphansi, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kuka-1.0W/(m·K). Ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa njengokushisa okushisayo kwezithando zezimboni, akukwazi nje ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kwesithando somlilo, kodwa futhi kunciphise ukugcinwa kokushisa kwesithando somlilo, ukuthola umphumela ongcono kakhulu wokonga amandla, nokunciphisa isisindo semishini eshisayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezitini ezivamile eziphikisayo, izinto ezivimbela ukushisa zinokumelana nokugqwala kwe-slag, amandla emishini, nokumelana nokugqokwa. Ngakho-ke, akufanelekile isakhiwo esithwala imithwalo sehhavini kanye nezingxenye ezithintana ngqo ne-slag, ukushaja, insimbi encibilikisiwe, njll.
Indlela yokuhlukanisa imikhiqizo ye-insulation refractory
Imikhiqizo ye-thermal insulation refractory ibhekisela emikhiqizweni ephikisayo ene-porosity engekho ngaphansi kwama-45%. Izici eziyinhloko zemikhiqizo ephikisayo yokushisa ukushisa yi-porosity ephezulu kanye nomthamo ophansi wevolumu. I-thermal conductivity iphansi, amandla okushisa mancane, futhi ukusebenza kokushisa ukushisa kuhle. Iyagcina ukushisa futhi ayikwazi ukumelana nokushisa. Ingasetshenziswa njengesendlalelo se-thermal insulation yemishini ehlukahlukene yokushisa, kanti enye ingasetshenziswa njengesendlalelo sokusebenza. Iwumthombo wokonga amandla wokwakha amahhanisi ahlukahlukene. Ukufaka imikhiqizo ye-refractory evimbela ukushisa emikhiqizweni evamile eminyene njengezinto zokwakha zesithando somlilo kunganciphisa ukugcinwa kokushisa nokulahlekelwa kokukhipha ukushisa ngo-40% kuya ku-50%, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezishisayo ezingapheli.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-insulation kanye nemikhiqizo ephikisayo, evame ukuhlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa elisetshenziswayo, ukuminyana kwenqwaba, kanye nokuma komkhiqizo.
(1) Ihlukaniswa ngokuminyana komzimba. Lezo ezinobuningi obungu-0.4~1.3g/cm3 ziyizitini ezingasindi; lezo ezinokuminyana ngobuningi obungaphansi kuka-0.4g/cm3 ziyizitini ezingasindi kakhulu.
(2) Ihlukaniswa ngokwezinga lokushisa lokusebenza. Sebenzisa izinga lokushisa elingu-600 ~ 900℃ ukuze uthole impahla yokushisa ephansi; I-900 ~ 120 ℃ yezinto zokushisa ezimaphakathi; ngaphezu kwe-1200 ℃ yezinto zokufakelwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
(3) Ihlukaniswa ngokuma komkhiqizo: esinye simise okwezitini eziphikisayo ezingasindi, okuhlanganisa ubumba, i-alumina ephezulu, i-silicon, nezinye izitini ezihlanzekile ezine-oxide engasindi; enye iyizitini eziphikisayo ezilula, ezinjengokhonkolo okhanyelayo ongasindi.
Indlela yokukhiqiza yemikhiqizo ye-refractory yokushisa ukushisa ihlukile kuleyo yezinto ezivamile eziminyene. Ziningi izindlela, ikakhulukazi ezihlanganisa indlela yokushiswa, indlela yegwebu, indlela yamakhemikhali, kanye nendlela yempahla enezimbotshana.
1) Ukushisa nokwengeza indlela yezinto ezibonakalayo. Ibizwa nangokuthi indlela yokwengeza izinto ezivuthayo. Faka izinto ezivuthayo okulula ukuzishisa, njengamalahle, sawdust, njll., odakeni lokwakha izitini ukuze umkhiqizo ube nezimbotshana ezithile ngemva kokudubula.
2) Indlela yokucwilisa. Faka izinto ezikhipha amagwebu, njengensipho yerosin, njll. odambeni lokwenza izitini, futhi ulwenze lube igwebu ngendlela yomshini. Ngemuva kokudubula, kutholwa umkhiqizo onama-porous.
3) Indlela yamakhemikhali. Ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okungakhiqiza kahle igesi, umkhiqizo onezimbotshana utholakala lapho kwenziwa izitini, ngokuvamile i-dolomite noma i-periclase kanye ne-gypsum, ne-sulfuric acid njenge-ejenti ephuphumayo.
4) Indlela yempahla enezimbotshana. Sebenzisa umhlaba wemvelo we-diatomaceous noma i-clay foam clinker, ama-alumina noma ama-zirconia angenalutho ama-sphere, kanye nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ezimboza izimbotshana ukwenza izitini ezikhanyelayo ezingasindi.
Ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-insulation refractory ene-conductivity ephansi ye-thermal kanye nomthamo omncane wokushisa njengoba izinto zokwakha umzimba wesithando somlilo zingasindisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli; ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwemishini; kungase futhi kunciphise isisindo somzimba wesithando somlilo, kube lula ukwakheka kwesithando somlilo, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, futhi kunciphise izinga lokushisa elizungezile. Thuthukisa izimo zokusebenza. Imikhiqizo ye-insulation refractory isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesendlalelo sokuvikela ukushisa, ulwelwesi noma ungqimba lokufakwa kuhhavini
1. Izitini ze-alumina eziphikisayo
Izitini ze-alumina ezivimbela ukushisa ezivimbela ukushisa zisebenzisa i-corundum ehlanganisiwe, i-alumina e-sintered, ne-alumina yezimboni njengezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokwenza imikhiqizo ephikisayo evimbela ukushisa ene-asidi eqinile kanye nokumelana nomkhathi we-alkali kanye nokunciphisa ukumelana nokunciphisa, nokumelana nokushaqeka okuhle kokushisa. Ingasetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngaphansi kwe-1700 ℃. Inqubo yayo yokukhiqiza isebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zendlela yegwebu kanye nendlela yokwengeza yokushiswa. Imikhiqizo ekhiqizwe indlela yegwebu inezici zesakhiwo esifanayo, i-thermal conductivity ephansi, nokusebenza okuhle kokufakwa kwe-thermal.
Izitini ze-alumina ezivimbela ukushisa ezivimbela ukushisa zilula, zinamandla amakhulu okucindezela, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal okuphansi, ukuncipha kwevolumu ephansi ngemva kokushiswa kabusha, nokumelana nokushaqeka okuhle kokushisa. Angasetshenziselwa izendlalelo zokuvikela ukushisa zemishini yokushisa eshisa kakhulu noma izithando zomlilo ezisebenzisana ngqo namalangabi. Futhi ulwelwesi olusebenzayo lwemishini yokushisa enembile, kodwa ayifanele indawo yokugqwala ethintana ngokuqondile noketshezi lwesithando somlilo kanye ne-slag encibilikisiwe. Iphinde ibe nokuzinza okuphezulu uma isetshenziswa esimweni esinciphisayo. Izinga lokushisa lokusetshenziswa lincike ekuhlanzekeni komkhiqizo, ngokuvamile kufika ku-1650–1800°C. Bheka Ithebula 3-105 ukuze uthole izinkomba ezijwayelekile zomzimba namakhemikhali zemikhiqizo enjalo.
2. Izitini ze-refractory ezine-aluminium ephezulu ezivimbela ukushisa
Izitini ze-refractory ze-aluminium eziphezulu ezifaka ukushisa ziyimikhiqizo ye-refractory evimbela ukushisa enokuqukethwe okungengaphansi kuka-48% okwenziwe ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo eziyinhloko. Izitini ze-high-alumina ezishisayo zokunqanda ukushisa zenziwa ikakhulukazi nge-bauxite njengezinto ezingavuthiwe, ezihlanganiswe nobumba njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, ezixutshwe nezibophezelo kanye ne-sawdust. Ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo, i-alumina yezimboni, i-corundum, i-sillimanite, i-kyanite, ne-silica iyengezwa. Impushana ecolekile ingenziwa ibe yimikhiqizo enokuminyana kwenqwaba ehlukene kanye namazinga okushisa ahlukene okusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa lokusetshenziswa liyi-1250 ~ 1350 ℃, kanti abanye bangafinyelela ku-1550 ℃.
Izitini zokufakwa kwe-aluminium ephezulu kakhulu zikhiqizwa indlela yegwebu, futhi umthamo womthamo womkhiqizo uphakathi kuka-0.4~1.0g/cm3, futhi ungenziwa futhi ngendlela yezithasiselo zokushiswa. Izinkomba ezingokwenyama namakhemikhali zezitini ze-refractory ezivimbela ukushisa kwe-aluminium ephezulu ziboniswa kuThebula 3-106.
Izitini eziphikisa ukushisa ezine-aluminiyamu ephezulu zingasetshenziswa ukwakha izendlalelo ezivikela ukushisa kanye nezingxenye ezingagqwalile futhi zikhutshulwe izinto ezincibilikisiwe eziqinile ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Lapho uthintana ngqo nelangabi, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu elithinta ukushisa kwezitini eziphikisayo ezifaka ukushisa kwe-aluminium ephezulu akumele libe ngaphezu kuka-1350 ℃. Izitini ze-Mullite ezivimbela ukushisa zingathintana ngqo nelangabi, futhi zibe nezici zokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, amandla aphezulu, nomphumela obalulekile wokonga amandla. Ilungele ulwelwesi lwamafurnaces e-pyrolysis, izithando zomoya ezishisayo, ama-ceramic roller kilns, amakhiloni kagesi ekhabethe le-porcelain, kanye nezithando zomlilo ezahlukahlukene. Isitini se-refractory se-corundum-mullite esivimbela ukushisa esinokuqukethwe kwe-Al2O3 okungu-82.4% singasetshenziswa njengolayini lwesithando somlilo ku-1550°C.
3. Izitini ze-insulation ezisekelwe ngobumba
Izitini eziphikisayo ezivikela ukushisa ezisekelwe kubumba ziyimikhiqizo ephikisayo evimbela ukushisa enokuqukethwe okungu-30% -48% kwe-Al2O3 eyenziwe ngobumba obungaguquki njengento eluhlaza, kusetshenziswa ubumba oluphikisayo, ubuhlalu obuntantayo, kanye ne-clinker yobumba njengezinto ezingavuthiwe, ingeza izibophezelo futhi sawdust. Ngokuxuba, ukuxuba, ukwakha, ukomisa, nokudubula, imikhiqizo enobuningi obukhulu be-0.3 ~ 1.5g / cm3 ingatholakala, futhi umthamo wokukhiqiza ulandisa ngaphezu kwesigamu sezitini eziphikisayo ezivimbela ukushisa.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza evame ukusetshenziswa yezitini eziphikisa ukushisa zobumba iyindlela yokwengeza ukushiswa ngobuhlalu obuntantayo, futhi indlela yegwebu ingasetshenziswa. Bheka Ithebula 3-107 ukuze uthole izinkomba ezibonakalayo zezitini ze-refractory ezisekelwe kubumba.
Izitini ze-clay-insulating refractory zinezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Asetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini eshisayo kanye nasezimbanjeni zezimboni. Angasetshenziselwa izingxenye ezingagqwalile futhi zigezwe ngezinto ezincibilikisiwe ezinokushisa okuphezulu. Ezinye izindawo ezithintana ngqo nelangabi zimbozwe ngesendlalelo I-Refractory coating inganciphisa ukuguguleka kwe-slag nothuli lwegesi yomlilo futhi inciphise umonakalo. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lomkhiqizo alidluli izinga lokushisa lokuhlola lomugqa obuyayo. Isitini sokufaka ubumba singesohlobo lwempahla efaka ukukhanya enezimbotshana eziningi. Le nto ine-porosity engu-30% kuya ku-50%, futhi ukufakwa kwayo okushisayo kubi, kodwa amandla ayo okusebenza kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kuhle.
4. Izitini ze-Silicone insulation refractory
Isitini se-siliceous esivimbela ukushisa senziwe nge-silica njengento eluhlaza eyinhloko, kanye nomkhiqizo we-refractory ovimbela ukushisa onokuqukethwe kwe-SiO2 ngaphansi kwama-91%. Ngaphezu kwezakhiwo zokushisa ezishisayo, izitini ze-silicon refractory zigcina izici zezitini ze-silicon ngezinga elikhulu. Izinga lokushisa lokuqala lokuthambisa umthwalo liphezulu, futhi umthamo uyanda kancane phakathi nenqubo yokushisa, okuthuthukisa ubuqotho behhashi.
Ukusebenza kwebanga le-GGR-1.20 kwezitini ze-siliceous-insulating refractory zeziko lezimboni ezishiwo ku-China Metallurgical Industry Standard YB386-1994, ukuminyana kwenqwaba akukho ngaphezu kuka-1.2g/cm3, amandla okucindezela ekamelweni lokushisa awekho ngaphansi kune-5MPa, futhi izinga lokushisa lokuqala lokuthambisa ngaphansi komthwalo ngaphansi kuka-0.1MPa alikho ngaphansi kuka-1520 ℃, okuqukethwe kwe-SiO2 akukho ngaphansi kuka-91%.
Lo mkhiqizo ulungele ulwelwesi lwamakhilni ezimbonini noma izendlalelo zokuvikela ukushisa ezingathintani ngokuqondile nezinto ezincibilikisiwe ezinezinga eliphezulu lokushisa futhi ezingavezwanga ngokuqondile kumagesi abolayo. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenza le-masonry alidluli i-1550 ° C.
Izitini eziphikisayo ezivikela ukushisa ezisekelwe ku-silica ziyingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu ngenxa yothuli lwe-silica, futhi le nqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunobumba nezitini ze-aluminium ezivimbela ukushisa eziphakeme kakhulu, futhi zibangela ingxenye encane yomkhiqizo ophelele. izinto eziphikisayo ezivimbela ukushisa.
5. I-Diatomite insulation refractory izitini
Isitini se-Diatomite esishisayo siwumkhiqizo we-thermal insulation refractory owenziwe nge-diatomite njengento eluhlaza eyinhloko. I-Diatomite thermal insulation brick inezimbotshana ezinhle ezivaliwe, i-porosity ephezulu, ukusebenza kahle kwe-thermal insulation, kodwa amandla aphansi emishini, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuba manzi, amandla ehla kakhulu. Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali okuyinhloko yi-SiO2, ilandelwa yi-Al2O3, kanye nensimbi ne-potassium. , i-Sodium, i-calcium, i-magnesium oxides nokunye ukungcola.
Izinkomba ezibonakalayo zezitini zokufakelwa kwe-diatomite ziboniswa kuThebula 3-108. Imikhiqizo yezitini yokufakelwa kwe-diatomite inokumelana nokushisa okungekuhle, futhi i-refractoriness icishe ibe ngu-1280 ℃, ngakho-ke izinga lokushisa lokusetshenziswa aliphezulu. Ingasetshenziswa kuphela kungqimba lwe-insulation ngaphansi kuka-900°C.
6. Imikhiqizo enwetshiwe ye-perlite
Imikhiqizo ye-perlite eyandisiwe iyimikhiqizo ephikisayo evimbela ukushisa eyenziwe nge-perlite njengengxenye eyinhloko. Imikhiqizo yokufakwa kwe-insulation eyenziwe nge-perlite eyandisiwe njenge-aggregate nefanele usimende, ingilazi yamanzi, i-phosphate, njll., ngemva kokugqugquzela, ukuxuba, ukwakha, ukoma, ukugazinga noma ukuphulukiswa. Ukuminyana kwe-perlite enwetshiwe kuncane kakhulu, ngokuvamile kungama-40 ~ 120g/cm3 kuphela; i-refractoriness ayiphezulu, ngokuvamile i-1280 ~ 1360 ° C. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo enezibophezelo ezihlukene lihlukile, ngokuvamile lingaphansi kuka-1000°C.
Imikhiqizo enwetshiwe ye-perlite ihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezingu-200, 250, 300 kanye no-350kg/m34 ngokuvumelana nokuminyana kwenqwaba yemikhiqizo ezingeni likazwelonke. Ngokohlobo lukasimende osetshenzisiwe, uhlukaniswe ngemikhiqizo ye-perlite enwetshiwe eboshelwe usimende, imikhiqizo enwetshiwe yengilazi yamanzi eboshelwe ingilazi yamanzi, imikhiqizo enwetshiwe ye-perlite eboshwe nge-phosphate, kanye nemikhiqizo ye-perlite enwetshiwe eboshwe ngetiyela.
7. Imikhiqizo ye-vermiculite enwetshiwe
Imikhiqizo enwetshiwe ye-vermiculite iyimikhiqizo ephikisayo evikela ukushisa ene-vermiculite enwetshiwe njengezinto ezingavuthiwe eziyinhloko. Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo enwetshiwe ye-vermiculite kusekelwe kusayizi othize we-vermiculite enwetshiwe njenge-aggregate, enezela izixube nezibophezelo, kuxutshwe namanzi ngesilinganiso esithile, nokwenza, ukomisa, ukugazinga noma ukuphulukisa ukuze kwakheke imikhiqizo yokushisa okushisayo. Imikhiqizo enokuminyana kwenqwaba ehlukene, izixube, nezibophezelo zinamazinga okushisa ahlukene aphezulu okusetshenziswa, futhi izingqimba zokuvikela ukushisa ezingaphansi kuka-1000°C zivame ukusetshenziswa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo enwetshiwe ye-vermiculite, evame ukuhlukaniswa ngokuya ngohlobo lwesibopho esisetshenzisiwe kanye nohlobo lwe-aggregate esetshenzisiwe. Ngokusho kwe-ejenti ebophayo, ingahlukaniswa ngemikhiqizo ye-ejenti ebophayo yezinto eziphilayo, imikhiqizo ye-ejenti ebophayo ye-inorganic kanye nemikhiqizo ye-ejenti ehlanganisiwe ye-organic kanye ne-inorganic composite. Ngokuhambisana nohlobo lwe-aggregate esetshenzisiwe, ingahlukaniswa ngemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe eyodwa, ama-aggregate amaningi kanye nemikhiqizo ye-admixture.
I-vermiculite enwetshiwe inokusebenza okushisayo okuphansi, amandla aphansi, futhi ayikwazi ukuvikela amanzi, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo kukhawulelwe kakhulu. Lapho izinto eziqinile zikasimende zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa i-vermiculite enwetshiwe ibe umkhiqizo oqediwe, izoba namandla amakhulu kune-vermiculite eyandisiwe futhi ingamelana nomthwalo omkhulu; lapho usebenzisa izinto zikasimende ezingangeni manzi ukuze uhlanganise i-vermiculite enwetshiwe ndawonye, Umkhiqizo owumphumela unokusebenza okungangeni manzi futhi ungasetshenziswa lapho kunamanzi. I-conductivity eshisayo ye-binder ngokuvamile iphakeme kunaleyo ye-vermiculite enwetshiwe, ngakho-ke ukungezwa kwe-binder kwenza itshe le-oyster elandisiwe libe nokusetshenziswa okusha, Kodwa futhi kunciphisa umphumela wokushisa oshisayo we-vermiculite eyandisiwe.
8. Ibhodi le-silicon ye-calcium
Ibhodi le-calcium silicate lenziwe ngomhlaba we-diatomaceous kanye ne-lime njengezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko, futhi imikhiqizo ephikisayo evimbela ukushisa eyenziwe ngokungeza i-fiber eqinisayo ibizwa nangokuthi ibhodi le-calcium silicate kanye nebhodi le-calcium silicate encane. Ibhodi le-calcium silicate lihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili ngokusho kokwakheka kwalo: eyodwa ibhodi elijwayelekile le-calcium silicate, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-CaO/SiO2 cishe ku-0.8, ukwakheka kwamaminerali kuyi-tobermorite (tobermorite, 5CaO · 6SiO2 · 5H2O); enye i-Calcium hard silicate, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali e-CaO/SiO2 cishe ku-1.0, kanti ukwakheka kwamaminerali kuyi-calcium hard silicate.
I-calcium silicate inezici ezinhle kakhulu ezifana nomthamo omncane, ukuhlukana okuqinile, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa okuphansi, ukwakhiwa okulula, nezinga lokulahlekelwa eliphansi. Ukuminyana kwebhodi le-calcium silicate licaciswa kakhulu emhlabeni njengoba lingekho ngaphezu kuka-220kg/m3, kanti amanye aphinde ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezingama-33 ezingekho ngaphezu kuka-220kg/m3, hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-170kg/m3, futhi angabi ngaphezu kuka-130kg/m; I-China ihlukaniswa njengengekho ngaphezu kuka-240kg / cm3, akukho ngaphezu kuka-220kg/cm3, hhayi ngaphezu kwezinhlobo ezingu-170kg/cm 33. Amandla okucindezela angaphezulu kwe-0.4MPa, amandla okuguquguquka angaphezulu kwe-0.2MPa; i-thermal conductivity (70℃±5℃) ingu-0.049～0.064W/(m·K) izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lokusebenza, futhi i-torbe mullite ingu-650℃, uhlobo lweCalcium silicate ngu-1000℃.
Ibhodi le-calcium silicate lingasaha noma libethelwe, futhi lingenziwa libe amabhodi, amabhlogo noma ama-casings. Ingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokushisa ezishisayo zamapayipi okushisa kanye neziko lezimboni emandleni kagesi, imboni yamakhemikhali, i-metallurgy, imikhumbi, njll; ukufakwa komlilo nokushisa kwezakhiwo, amathuluzi nemishini, Ingasetshenziselwa futhi isendlalelo sokufakwa kokushisa kweziko lokushisa eliphezulu lokushisa kanye nesiteji semoto yomhubhe; izinhlangothi zombili zebhodi le-calcium silicate zinganamathiselwa nge-plastic veneer, i-plywood, ibhodi le-asbestos usimende, njll. Ingasetshenziswa njengento yokushisa ukushisa. Iningi lezinto ezisetshenziswayo zobunjiniyela bokufaka ukushisa okushisayo emhlabeni zisebenzisa ibhodi ye-calcium silicate, futhi amanye amazwe asebenzisa ibhodi ye-calcium silicate ukuze kufakwe ukushisa okushisayo embonini okubalelwa ku-70% kuya ku-80%.
9. Isitini Esintantayo Sezinhlayiyana(Cenosphere Brick)
Izitini ze-Cenosphere ziyimikhiqizo ephikisayo evimbela ukushisa eyenziwe ngama-cenospheres njengento eluhlaza eyinhloko. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, izwe lami laqala ukusebenzisa i-fly ash cenospheres ukukhiqiza izitini eziphikisa ukushisa ezisekelwe ebumbeni. Ngenxa yenqubo elula nezinsiza eziningi, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo yinhle. Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980s, indlela ye-porous clinker noma ukushiswa kwe-fly ash cenospheres iye yasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izitini ze-Cenosphere.
Izitini ze-Cenosphere ziyizindilinga ezingenalutho zengilazi ye-aluminium silicate entanta emlotheni wezimpukane ovela ezitshalweni zamandla ashisayo. Inesisindo esilula, udonga oluncane, indawo engenalutho, indawo ebushelelezi, ukuguquguquka okuphansi kwe-thermal, ukusebenza kahle kwe-insulation, i-refractoriness ephezulu, namandla aphezulu okucindezela. Nokunye ukusebenza. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zici ze-cenospheres, izinto eziphikisayo ezifaka ukushisa ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokulondoloza ukushisa zingenziwa. Ukukhiqizwa kwezitini ze-cenosphere kungakhiwa ngendlela eyomile, enenqubo elula futhi ayidingi inqubo yokuqeda.
Izitini ze-Cenosphere ziphakeme kunezinto ezikhona zokufaka ukushisa okushisayo okuphakathi nendawo ngokwamandla emishini, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukuqhutshwa kokushisa okushisayo, nokusebenza kokusetshenziswa, futhi kuqhathaniswa nemicu ye-silicate. Le nto isetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo zezimboni ezishisa kakhulu ezingeni lokushisa elingu-1200°C ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushisayo nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Izitini ze-Cenosphere zisetshenziselwa izikebhe zezimboni kanye nemishini yokushisa ephezulu ku-metallurgy, imishini, amakhemikhali, i-petroleum, izinto zokwakha, imboni yokukhanya, amandla kagesi neminye imikhakha. Ngokuvamile, bangonga amandla ngo-15% kuya ku-40%. Kuwuhlobo olusha oluhle lwe-lightweight partition. Izinto ezishisayo.
10. Isitini esiyindilinga esingenalutho
Isitini se-Alumina esiyindilinga
Isitini esiyindilinga ye-Alumina siwumkhiqizo oyinqaba ovikela ukushisa one-alumina eyindilinga eyindilinga njengento eluhlaza. Izinkomba zobuchwepheshe ezijwayelekile zezitini ze-alumina ezingenalutho ziyi: Okuqukethwe kwe-Al2O3 akukho ngaphansi kuka-98%, okuqukethwe kwe-SiO2 akukho ngaphezu kuka-0.5%, okuqukethwe kwe-Fe2O3 akukho ngaphezu kuka-0.2%, ukuminyana kwenqwaba ngu-1.3~1.4g/cm3, i-porosity ebonakalayo ngu-60% ~ 80%, Amandla okucindezela awekho ngaphansi kuka-9.8MPa, izinga lokushisa elithambile lomthwalo (0.2MPa) alikho ngaphansi kuka-1700℃, kanye ne-thermal conductivity ngu-0.7~0.8W/(m·K).
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa okujwayelekile kokushisa okushisayo kanye nemikhiqizo ephikisayo, isitini se-alumina esingenalutho sibonakala ngenani elikhulu lama-pores avaliwe emkhiqizweni. Ngakho-ke, inamandla aphezulu kanye nesakhiwo se-pore esizinzile, ukuminyana okuphansi kanye ne-conductivity ephansi yokushisa. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elingaphansi kuka-1800 ℃ izinsimbi zomlilo zezimboni, njengezitini zokushisa ezishisa kakhulu ezimbonini ze-refractory, electronics, kanye ne-ceramic; Izendlalelo zokushisa ezishisayo zemishini yokushisa ephezulu, njengeziko lokufaka igesi embonini ye-petrochemical, iziko legesi, ama-reactors embonini yamalahle, izitini zokushisa ezisetshenziselwa ukushisa embonini ye-metallurgical.
B Isitini esiyindilinga esiyi-Zirconia
Isitini se-Zirconia hollow sphere siwumkhiqizo we-refractory ovimbela ukushisa owenziwe ngama-zirconia angenalutho njengama-sphere njengento eluhlaza eyinhloko. Isigaba sekristalu esiyinhloko salesi sitini yi-cubic zirconia (cishe i-70% kuya ku-80% yokwakheka kwezimbiwa), futhi ukusebenza kwayo okujwayelekile yilokhu: I-refractoriness inkulu kuno-2400 ℃, i-porosity ebonakalayo ingu-55% ~ 60%, ukuminyana kwevolumu. ingu-2.5~3.0g/cm3, amandla okucindezela awekho ngaphansi kuka-4.9MPa, futhi ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kungu-0.23~0.35W/(m·K).
I-Zirconia hollow spheres yimikhiqizo ye-refractory evimbela ukushisa esebenza kahle kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenzisa eliphephile lingu-2200 ℃. Izitini ze-Zirconia hollow sphere zinamandla aphezulu okushisa okuphezulu kanye nesakhiwo sezimbotshana ezinzile, ngakho-ke zingasetshenziswa ngokuphepha ekushiseni okuphezulu kuka-2200 ℃. Izitini zebhola ezingenalutho ze-Zirconia zine-density ephansi kanye ne-conductivity ephansi yokushisa, engakwazi ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kuphela, kodwa futhi inciphisa isitoreji sokushisa. Ngakho-ke, njengezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokushisa ezithintana ngqo nelangabi emishinini eshisayo efana ne-metallurgy, i-petroleum, imboni yamakhemikhali, i-electronics, njll., inganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi inciphise isisindo sesithando sokushisa okuphezulu, nokusetshenziswa. umphumela muhle.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-26-2021